Civil Disobedience Movement – CDM ( Tangpi / Mipi Thunolhna) cih tawh kisai khua nung pian ta himah leh a cingzaw deuh a thei nuam i om khak leh cih lunggulhna tawh hong gelhkhia ing.
1. CDM i cih bang ahi hiam?
(a) India CDM
(b) America Mivom CDM
3. Lai Siangtho sungah CDM a om hiam?
4. Thukhupna leh Thapiakna
CDM cih pen Mangpau “Civil Disobedience Movement” tomlakna hi a, ei’ pau-in “tangpi’ thunolhna” cih theih pak ahi hi.
A cingzaw deuhin gen lehang, ukna thuneite in thukhun a lekkim lo khatpeuh hong zat sawm uh ciangin, ahihkeileh amau mahmah thumaan lo pi-in hong gamtat uh ciangin thumaan a deih gammite in tua thumaanlo gamtatnate thudam thunem tawh a do a nan, a nolh a nial uh pen CDM kici hi.
Lam khatin gen lai lehang, CDM cih pen thumaanlo mun ah thumaan a om theih nading leh thumaan mun ah thumaanlo hong lutloh nading deihna tawh mipite, tangpi tangtate lam pan thudam tawh manawtna, ngongtatna lo tawh kalsuanna ahi hi.
Thudam tawh manawtna ahih bangin CDM ah “thudam/thunem” kibulphuh hi. Thudam cihna ah ngongtat kihello lungphona, sep ding kisawl khatpeuh phunphun se lo-in seplohna, thu kipia khatpeuh dawngdawng se lo-in manlohna, cihte kihel hi.
Ukna thuneite’ thupiakte manlohna pen kheltatvai hilo a, thadah man zong hilo hi. Ngimna kician om a, thumaanlo gamtatna khaktan nading ahi hi. A kitelzaw-in gen lai lehang, thumaan lo-a gamtate a gamtatna uh a zop theihloh nadingun hihtheihna mun tek pan khaktanna ahi hi.
Tu laitaka Myanmar gam thupiang tawh enkak pak lehang, galkap mangpipa in thagum hat suangin 2021 February 1 ni-in gam-uk thuneihna buluhin sutkhia hi. Tua bang thumaanlo gamtatna mipite thukim lo uhhi. A neu a lian lungkim lo uhhi. Tua bang thumaanlo gamtatna khaktan dingin khensat uhhi.
Khaktan ding cih hangin zumlehiam tawh a kitom om lo, thagum hat suangin a ngongtat cih zong om lo hi. Inn pan pusuakin lampi tungah lungphona nei uhhi. Zum nasemte zong tua thumaanlo gamtatna a kizoploh nading deihna tawh nasep kuan lo uhhi. Hih kalsuannate CDM ahi hi.
Ngongtatna lo tawh kalsuanna ahih mah bangin CDM kihelte pen nasep a taanlawh zong om thei hi. Vuakna satna, matna henna zong thuak thei uhhi. A sihlawh zong om thei hi. Tua hi a, CDM ah kihel cih pen a thubaih hilo hi. Thumaan thutang a thahat ding deihna tawh suplawh bailawh lianga a sem uh ahi hi.
2. CDM muibun takpi hiam?
CDM kihel manin gimthuakna tampi om thei ahihleh a sep-huai mah ding hiam? Thumaanlo thu longkhia zo tuan kei lehang sup-huai lua lo ding ahi hiam? Lauhuai lo ding ahi hiam? Lam khatin ci lehang, CDM a muibun takpi mah hiam?
CDM muibun ahihna leitung tangthu ah kimu thei hi. A kammal a kizat pen tu ma kum 200 dektak lai (1849 kum) ahih hangin a thupomzia leh a kizatkhiatna tanglai pek pan na om khin hi. A sawtpi lai thute gen nawnlo-in kumzalom 20na sunga a minthang deuh nih en pak lehang:
(a) India CDM
India gam Mangkang khutnuai ahih lai, 1930 kumin Gandhi makai-in CDM kipan uhhi. A thu pen ci (salt) vai ahi hi. India mite tampitak ci bawlna leh ci zuakna tawh a kivak uh kimlai, Mangkang kumpi in Mangkang company pana kibawl ci a khotnop manun 1882 kum-a kipan India mite’ ci nasepna teng khawlsak uhhi.
Mohandas Gandhi hong khan ciangin Mangkang khutnuai pan suahtak nading hanciam hi. Mangkangte a lehdona ah ama’ thubulphuh pen Hindi (Sanscrit) pau-in “Satyagraha” hi a, Sakya a khiatna “thumaan thutak” (truth), Agraha a khiatna “cih tentanna, letkipna” (insistence or holding firmly to) ahih manin “thumaan letkipna” cih ding ahi hi.
Gandhi’ pomzia ah thumaan thutak cih pen itna tawh a tonkhawm hi a, letkipna cih pen zong nawkzawhna nam ahih manin Satyagraha cih ciangin itna tha (love force), hinna kha tha (soul force) cih khiatna nei hi. Tua hi a, Satyagraha cih pen lam khatin gen lehang “ngongtatna a kihello thudam tha” (nonviolent force) ahi hi.
Tupna pen khialhna a bawl mite va nuai gawp ding cih lam hilo-in a lungsim uh hong kikhel nading hanciamna hizaw hi. Khialhna a bawlsa teng uh a puahkikloh uh a phamawh dingin a lungsim uh kikhelsak zawhna ahi hi.
Tua hangin zong Gandhi in “tangpi’ thunolhna” (civil disobedience) cihna ah “thunolhna” (disobedience) sangin “picinvai” ci-in zong a kikhia thei “civil” mah thupisakzaw hi. Bek thamlo, CDM sangin zong CRM (Civil Resistance Movement) paktazaw, kici hi.
Hih “thudam tha” zangin Gandhi in Mangkangte’ thukhun lehdo-in zo hi. 1930 March 2 ni-in Mangkang minam, India gam-ukpa lai khakin ni 10 sungin ci thukhun ka palsat ding uhhi ci-in theisak masa hi. March 12 ni-in Sabarmanti khua pan kipanin tai 240 a gamla, tuipi gei-a om, ci bawlna khua Dandi dong khe tawh pai uhhi.
Mi 78 tawh a kipat pen lamkal ah ni simin mi tampi kibehlap a, April 5 ni Dandi khua a tun ma-un tul tampi pha ta uhhi. 1930 April 6 ni-in Gandhi in a khut tawh piaunel buannawng lak sawksukin ciham lompi khat tawm hi. Tua pen Mangkangte’ ci thukhun ka nolh ka nial uhhi cih a lahna ahi hi.
Hih thu hangin mi awn tampite a lungsim uh kiphonglo-in India gambup ah CDM kizel pah hi. Tua ciangin Mangkang kumpi in CDM lutte mat kipan a, thongkia mi 60,000 val hi. Gandhi ngiat zong May 15 ni-in kiman a, himah taleh mipite in CDM zomsuak veve uhhi.
Mangkang kumpi zong khauhsuak thei nawnlo-in 1931 January sungin Gandhi khah uhhi. Tua kum August kha ciangin London ah samin ci thukhun vai leh CDM vai leptuahna bawlpih uhhi.
Tua zawh kum 7 a cin, 1947 August ciangin India in Mangkang khutsung pan suahtakna ngah hi. India mite in Gandhi it lua, thupi sa lua uh ahih manin mi thupi cihna “Mahatma” ci-in pahtawi uhhi. Ahi zongin Hindu luanglette in 1948 January 30 ni-in Mahatma Gandhi suamlum uhhi.
(b) America Mivom CDM
America gam ah mikangte’ deidanna uang lua ahih manin 1955 kuma kipan mivomte CDM lut uhhi. Civil Rights Movement zong kici hi. A makaite lakah Tuiphum pastor Martin Luther King, Jr. minthang deuh hi.
Democracy gamhoih gamnuam khatin a minthang America gam ah tangtawng pek pak mivom mikang kideidanna suksia mahmah hi. America mikangte pen tanglai Europe gam pana a lal uh hi a, America gam a zuat ma-un Africa gam lam pan a mat uh mivomte salin a nei khinsa uh ahi hi. America a zuat uh ciangin zong tua mivomte tembaw tawh ganhon bangin a lomlomin nawn uh a, America ah salin neisuak uhhi.
1861 kum Abraham Lincoln kumpi makai a suah ciangin salneih ngeina phiat ding hanciam hi. Leitawlam gamkete thukim lo ahih manin gambup galkapte tawh kido uh a, tualgal (1861-65) piang hi. Gambup galkapte in zo ahih manin salneih ngeina kiphiat a, mivom sal awn lite in suahtakna ngah uhhi.
Gambup thukhunpi ah salneih ngeina kiphiat ahih hangin thukhun pualam, tualsung nuntakna ah mivomte in mikangte’ deidanna leh bawlsiatna nakpi tuak toto veve uhhi. A diakin leitawlam gamkete in 1870 kumin “Jim Crow laws” cih thukhun bawlin tualsung nuntak khuasakna ah mivomte a langtangin deidan uhhi.
Kideidanna cih ciangin laisinna ah sang hoih teel theilo, nasep hoih ngah theilo, nasepna ah khasum kikim lo, khuasung tangpi vante zangkhawm theilo, bus tuanna ah a nunglam gual bek ah tu thei, gam-uk kiteelna ah kihel theilo, mee pia theilo, cih bangte ahi hi. Vengsung khuasung ah neu-etna, simmawhna, zahpihna leh vuakna satna nangawn tuak thei uhhi.
Kum tampi a thuak khit uh, 1955 kum ciangin tua kideidanna thukhunte mipi lungphona leh CDM lutna tawh dona nanna nei uhhi. Tuate lakah a nuai-a teng minthang deuh hi:
(1) Mongomery khuapi-a bus CDM (1955 December 5 pan 1966 December 20 dong, ni 381 sung)
(2) Khuapi tuamtuam-a deidanna a zang sumbuk, ansai, sang leh mun thupite ah mawtmat theihlohkhop, a dongkholh theithei dingin tutcipna (1955 pan 1962 dong, kum 7 sung)
(3) Khuapite ah mihonpi a lomlomin lampaina (mihon a tampenna, 1963 May 2-5 sangnaupangte’ lampaina ah awn khat pha uh)
A tunga bangin thudam tawh a hanciam uh ciangin kumpi lam pan zong thukhunte khatkhit khat khiamsuksuk, phelsuksuk uh a, Jim Crow laws-a kipan mivom mikang kideidanna a thapia thukhun khempeuh beisak uhhi.
Gam-ukna thukhunpi lam pan mivom deidanna thu kiphiat khin ahih hangin mikangte lakah mivom a deidan nuam lai veve, a luanglet deuhte in 1968 April 4 ni-in mivom makai minthangpenpa Martin Luther King suamlum uhhi. M. L. King a sihin kum 39 pha pan a, a zi Coretta leh tanu tapa li a nusia ahi hi.
Hih, mivom mikang kideidanna beisak nading thudam tawh hanciamna ah M. L. King banah mi sawmli bang in nuntakna beilawh hi. Tuate pen mivom bekbek hi khin lo-in mivomte lama pang mikangte zong kimkhat kihel hi.
Mivom CDM ah a kihelte thu-um Christian ahih ban uhah a makai minthangpenpa Martin Luther King pen Tuiphum pastor khat hi a, a si dangte lakah zong pastor nih kihel lai hi. Tua ahihleh CDM zat ding Lai Siangtho tawh a kituak mah ahi diam?
3. Lai Siangtho sungah CDM a om hiam?
Christiante pen vantung gammi leh leitung gammi ci-in gammi hihna nam nih nei i hihlam Paul in hong hilh hi (Phi. 3:20). Vantung gammi i hihna tawh kizui-in Pasian’ thuneihna mah i masak ding hi a, a langkhat ah leitung gammi i hih manin gam-uk thuneite’ thu zong i man ding hi zel hi.
Lam khatin gen lehang, Pasian’ thu tawh a kipelh kei nakleh ahihtheih laiteng gam-uk thuneite’ thu i man ding ahi hi. A zenzenin gam-ukte’ hong sawlna khatpeuh Pasian’ thu tawh a kituahtheih mahmah keileh, a kilehbulh tanghial leh, mang lo-in thudam tawh i pelh i nolh ding ahi hi. Tua pen tu hun pau lehang CDM cih theih ahi hi.
Tua ahihleh Lai Siangthu sungah CDM a om hiam?
Lai Siangtho hun lai-in CDM kammal kizang nailo hi. Ahih hangin a thupomzia leh a zatkhiatna ahihleh a nuai-a bangin tamveipi kimu thei hi.
(1) Hebrew nupi nausuakte pasal ahihleh na that un ci-in Egypt kumpipa’ thupiakna om napi, naudom numei Shifrah leh Puah in “Pasian zahtak uh” ahih manin naungek pasalte nungtasak uhhi. Kumpipa in a dot ciangin khem uh a, Hebrew numeite thadim uh ahih manin naudomte’ tun ma-in suak khin pahpah uh, ci uhhi (Pai. 2:15-21).
(2) Thukan dinga Joshua’ sawl mi nihte, numei kizuak Rahab’ inn ah zintung cih Jericho kumpipa in a theih ciangin Rahab kiangah tua mi nihte ngen hi. Rahab in tua mi nihte busak a, tua mite hong pai mah uh, ahih hangn koi lam pai uh cih ka thei kei, ci-in kumpipa khem hi (Jos. 2:1-7).
(3) Kumpi Saul in a galte zo nuam lua ahih manin a galkapte’ kiangah nitak ma-a an ne peuhpeuh samsiatna ngah ding, ci hi. A tapa Jonathan in za kha lo ahih manin khuaizu a muh ciangin ne a, a tha dim hi. Saul in a theih ciangin thah sawm himah taleh galkapte in gualzawhna lianpi a piangsak Jonathan sisak lo ding ci-in kumpipa kho-huan uh ahih manin Jonathan suakta hi (1Sam. 14:45).
(4) Kumpi Nebuchadnezzar in milim golpi khat bawlin a mai-ah mi khempeuh kunin bia ding ci-in thu a piak hangin Daniel leh a lawmte thum — Shadrach, Meshach, Abednego – hih teng in bia nuam tuanlo uh a, meiphualpi sungah kikhul ding teelzaw uhhi (Dan. 3:15-18).
(5) Thuciam Thak sungah Topa Jesuh’ nasepte pen tua huna kizang thukhunte tawh a kitukalh tamzaw a, CDM vive cih theih ahi hi. Gentehna-in:
– a kizang ngei khollo khat ahi dawi hawlkhiatna zang
– khuasung ah a ki-omsak lo vuntung natna neite lawngin damsak
– kithuahpih dingin thukhun in a phalloh mawhneite, siahdongte, numei kizuakte, cinate, a si kuante, cihte tawh kithuah
– Sabbath ni nasep loh ding kimlai cina damsak
– thukhun sunga kigen khutsilna cihte zui lo, itna leh thumaan thutang thupizaw ahihna lak
– galte it ding cih a lauhuai mahmah thu khat genpi-in nei
-kumpi bang khatin la tung tuangin mihonpi tawh khuasung lut
– biakinnpi ah vanzuakna sabuaite lumlet
– leitung kumpite sangin Pasian mah masak ding vai, siah piak tawh pilvangtak gen – Pasian’ neihsa Pasian pia ding ci ahih manin i hihna bup hi pah
4. Thukhupna leh Thapiakna
CDM cih pen Dahpa Khuang hilo hi. I deih khatpeuh olno taka ngahtheihna “ai” zong hilo hi. Thadah vuina zong hilo hi. Kheltat gitlohvai zong hilo hi. A tunga i gensa mah bangin hun tampi piak a kul, tha tampi paih a kul nasep ahih manin a thubaih hilo hi. Thudam thunem tawh kisem ahih hangin a kisuplawh thei, a kisihlawh thei thu ahi hi.
Baih lo ahihzah khatin cihtakna tawh a kisep nakleh gah hoih tampi hong tun thei hi. Thukhun leh khanglui ngeina a ginalo tuamtuam phiatkhia zo-in kumpi nangawn laihkhia thei hi. A diakin gam ki-ukna thu ah a lui a hoihlote a zung pan longkhia-in a hoih a thak piangsak thei hi. Tua ahih manin ngimna kician leh cihtakna tawh CDM khutletpi-in nei tek ni.
By: Rev. Pau Lian Mang, D.Theol.
Hits: 7